Australia Subclass 189 vs 190: Which Skilled Visa is Right for You?

Australia remains a top destination for skilled migrants due to its high standard of living, robust economy, and excellent healthcare system. For skilled professionals, the permanent residency pathways generally boil down to two highly sought-after visas: the Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent) and the Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated).

While both grant permanent residency from day one, they operate very differently. Here is a comprehensive breakdown.

Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent Visa)

The Subclass 189 visa is the holy grail of Australian immigration. It is a federal visa that does not require sponsorship by an employer, family member, or state/territory government.

• Total Freedom: You can live, work, and study anywhere in Australia immediately upon arrival.
• Occupation List: Your occupation must be on the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL).
• Competition: Extremely high. Because it offers absolute freedom, the points threshold to receive an invitation is incredibly competitive, often requiring 85-90+ points depending on the occupation.

Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa)

The Subclass 190 visa requires nomination by an Australian State or Territory government agency. Different states have different economic needs, so they publish their own occupation lists.

• State Commitment: You are morally and practically obligated to live and work in the nominating state for your first two years in Australia.
• Points Boost: Receiving a state nomination automatically grants you 5 additional points toward your SkillSelect score.
• Occupation List: Much broader. Your occupation can be on either the MLTSSL or the Short-term Skilled Occupation List (STSOL).

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it easier to get a 190 than a 189?

Generally, yes. Because states control their own allocations for the 190 visa, they often invite candidates with lower point scores (e.g., 70-75 points) if that candidate has an occupation critical to the state's economy, such as nursing or specific trades. The 189 is purely federal and heavily favors those with exceptionally high points.

What if I break my 2-year commitment on a 190 visa?

The 2-year commitment is a signed declaration. While your permanent residency is a federal right and cannot easily be revoked simply for moving states, breaking the commitment can severely complicate future attempts to obtain Australian citizenship or sponsor family members. State governments actively monitor compliance.